Upper Canada (Ontario) Districts

A few notes on the early districts in Upper Canada.

1. Midland District - The Midland District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was one of four districts that was originally created in 1788. It was called Mecklenburg District when it was created but was renamed to Midland in 1792. The district was originally bounded to the east by a line running north from the mouth of the Gananoque River and to the west by a line running north from the mouth of the Trent River. The district town was Kingston. In 1798, the district was reorganized to consist of the counties of Addington, Frontenac, Hastings, Lennox, Prince Edward. In 1831, Prince Edward County was separated to form Prince Edward District. In 1837, Hastings County was split off to form Victoria District. In 1849, the district was replaced by Frontenac and Lennox and Addington counties.

2. Newark District - The Niagara District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was created in 1798 from the Home District and consisted of the counties of Lincoln and Haldimand The district town, originally known as Newark, was renamed to Niagara and would later become Niagara-on-the-Lake. In 1816, parts of this district and the Home District were separated to form the Gore District. In 1845, a new Welland County was formed from Lincoln County. In 1849, the district was replaced by the United Counties of Lincoln, Welland and Haldimand.

3. Nassau District - The Home District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was originally created as Nassau District in 1788 and renamed to Home in 1792. The district was originally bounded to the east by a line running north from the mouth of the Trent River and to the west by a line running north from Long Point on Lake Erie. The district town was originally Newark, later Niagara-on-the-Lake, but became York, later Toronto, in 1801. In 1798, the district was reorganized to consist of the counties of Simcoe and York. At the same time, the Niagara District was created from Lincoln County and Haldimand County. and the Newcastle District was created from Durham and Northumberland. Also in 1798, the London District was created from the counties of Middlesex, Norfolk, Oxford, some parts of which were formerly in the Western District. In 1816, the Gore District was formed from parts of York County and parts of Niagara District. In 1837, Simcoe County became part of a separate Simcoe District. In 1849, the district was replaced by York County.

4. Lunenburg District - The Eastern District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was originally created as Lunenburg District in 1788 and renamed to Eastern in 1792. The district was originally bounded to the west by a line running north from the mouth of the Gananoque River and to the east by Lower Canada. The district town was New Johnstown, later renamed Cornwall. In 1798, the district was reorganized to consist of the counties of Dundas, Glengarry, Ontario (abolished in 1800), Prescott, Russell, Stormont. At the same time, the counties of Carleton, Grenville, Leeds were separated from this district to form the Johnstown District. In 1816, Ottawa District was created by splitting off the counties of Prescott and Russell from this district. In 1849, the district was replaced by the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry.

5. Hesse District - The Western District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was originally created as Hesse District in 1788 and renamed to Western in 1792. The district originally consisted of that part of Upper Canada west of a line running north from Long Point on Lake Erie. The district town was Sandwich, later renamed Windsor. In 1798, the district was reorganized to consist of the counties of Essex and Kent. At the same time, parts of the district were separated to create a new London District. In 1847, legislation was initiated to create a new Kent District; however, facilities at the designated district town of Chatham needed to be built. The creation of the new district was not completed. In 1849, the district was replaced by the United Counties of Essex and Kent.

6. Johnstown District - The Johnstown District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was created in 1798 from the Eastern District and consisted of the counties of Carleton, Grenville, Leeds. The district town was originally Johnstown, but Elizabethtown, later Brockville, became the district town in 1808. In 1822, Carleton County was separated to form the Bathurst District. In 1838, parts of the Districts of Johnstown, Bathurst and Ottawa were separated to form a new Dalhousie District. In 1849, the district was replaced by the United Counties of Leeds and Grenville.

7. Ottawa District - The Ottawa District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was created in 1816 by splitting the counties of Prescott and Russell from the Eastern District. The district town was L'Orignal. In 1838, Gloucester and Osgoode townships from Russell County were transferred to a new Dalhousie District. In 1849, the district was replaced by the United Counties of Prescott and Russell.

8. London District - The London District was a historic district in Upper Canada. It was formed in 1798 from the counties of Middlesex, Norfolk, Oxford which were originally parts of the Home and Western Districts. The district town was Charlotteville, but moved to Vittoria in 1815 and finally London in 1826. Also, in 1826, the townships of Rainham and Walpole were moved to Haldimand County in Niagara District because of their distance from London. In 1837, Oxford County was separated into a new Brock District and Norfolk County was separated to form Talbot District. In 1838, Huron District, was formed, containing Huron County which had been created in 1835. In 1849, the district was replaced by Middlesex County.

9. Gore District - The Gore District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was formed in 1816 from parts of York County in the Home District and parts of the Niagara District. Two new counties were created Wentworth and Halton. The district town was Hamilton. In 1838, parts of Halton County and parts of Home and Huron Districts were separated to form a new Wellington District. In 1849, the district was replaced by the United Counties of Wentworth and Halton, which were separated again in 1854.

10. Dalhousie District - The Dalhousie District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was created in 1838 from Carleton County in the Bathurst District. Townships from the Johnstown and Ottawa districts were added to Carleton County at the same time. The district town was Bytown, later Ottawa. In 1849, the district was replaced by Carleton County.

11. Bathurst District - The Bathurst District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was created in 1822 from the Johnstown District and contained Carleton County. The district town was Perth. In 1824, Lanark County was created from part of Carleton County. In 1838, Carleton County became part of a new Dalhousie District. In the same year, some townships were transferred from the Johnstown District to Lanark County. In 1845, Renfrew County was created from part of Lanark County. In 1849, the district was replaced by the United Counties of Lanark and Renfrew.

12. Wellington District - The Wellington District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was formed in 1838 from parts of Huron County, Ontario in the Gore District, Simcoe County in the Home District and Huron County from the London District. It consisted of the county of Waterloo and its district town was Guelph. In 1849, Wellington District was replaced by Waterloo County. In 1852, Berlin, later Kitchener, became the county seat.

13. Newcastle District - The Newcastle District was a historic district in Upper Canada which existed until 1849. It was formed in 1798 from the Home District and consisted of the counties of Durham and Northumberland. The district town was originally Newcastle, located near the current town of Brighton, and then Amherst, later renamed Cobourg. In 1838, the northern part of the district was separated to create Colborne District, containing the new Peterborough County. In 1849, the district was replaced by the United Counties of Northumberland and Durham.

14. Colborne District - Peterborough County is located in Ontario, Canada. The county was founded as the District of Colborne in 1838, centred around Peterborough, which became the County of Peterborough in 1850. In 1862, the County was redivided into Haliburton County, Peterborough County, and Victoria County (now the City of Kawartha Lakes).


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